[Brian]

OmniFocus has two features which folks often call "iCal Sync", but what they do and how they work are very different. I'll try to cover all the bases, but if I miss something, clarify the question and I'll take another shot at it. :-)

iCal Sync - moving data both ways - is only supported on the Mac. You trigger it from the File menu.

The Calendar Reminders feature is supported on the Mac and in both of the iOS applications. OmniFocus will export information about your deadlines to a file that calendar apps can read. It happens as part of the Sync process, but information only moves in one direction. From OmniFocus to your calendars.

If you synced the phone app and neither OmniFocus or your calendar apps saw the change, the "not enough time to finish syncing" scenario is most likely.

We start a sync when you switch away, and iOS gives us a little bit of time to finish doing so when you switch to another app, but they can (and sometimes will) halt the app before that process completes.